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Abstract: The otitis media with effusion (OME) generally leads to a conductive hearing loss, but in some cases, to a mixed hearing loss. The aim of this paper is to bring attention to the high incidence of internal ear complications during OME Were studied in 198 patients attended the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, submitted to surgical treatment for OME from 1989 to 1991, age raging from 2 to 62 years, evaluted clinically, and through audiometric exams. After the surgical treatment the patients Were revaluated clinically and by audiometric exams. In this serie, internal ear complications Were seen in 5,05% (ten cases). All patients showed decrease of internal ear complications (neurosensorial hearing loss or vestibular symptoms), after surgical treatment. The authors conclude that the specialist must pay attention to conductive hearing loss that may cover the neurosensorial hearing loss. Always look for possible complications of the OME. The immediate surgical treatment is indicated when internal ear complication is seen, and this complication always revert after the surgery.
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