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Abstract: The authors studied the effect of temperature and humidity of inhaledgases on the respiratory tract of dogs submitted to mecanicventilation. According to these two variables, fourty dogs were divided in fivegroups: - G1=22-26°C and 17-20 mg H2O.l-1; G2: 27-31º C and 23-27 mg H2O.l-1; G3: 32-36 C and 30-36 mg H2O.l-1; G4: 37-41º C and 40-49 mg H2O.l-1; G5: 42-46º C and 59-65 mg H2O.l-1. The following parameters were evaluated: medial arterial pressure, cardiacfrequency, venous pressure of inferiorcava(CVP), endotracheal pressure, arterial pH, PaO2, PaCO2, rectal temperature, and the histology of the tracheobronchial tree. In the groups G1 and G5, the endotracheal pressure and CVP presented a slight raise. In the groups Gl, G2 and G3, there was no histological modification or progressive hypothermia. The group G5 presented metabolic acidosis and great histological alteration; in this group the rectal temperature remained stable. The group G4 presented great histological alteration and hypothermia. In conclusion, the temperature and humidity of inhaled gases should not be higher than 36° C and 36 mm H2O.l-1, respectively. However, the stability of body temperature only is achieved when the temperature of the inhaled airis 42º Corhigher.
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